Everything You Need to Know About Insomnia

Do you feel your sleep is not enough? Do you get an adequate amount of sleep? Do you feel a disturbance in your sleep schedule? If you have concerns related to your sleeping problems and if you feel that you might have some signs of insomnia then you are in right place. 

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What are sleeping disorders?

Sleep disorder or somnipathy affects about 50 to 70 million Americans according to the American Sleep Association (AMA). It is a medical condition that causes individuals to fall into irregular sleep patterns disrupting their body’s internal clock. It affects your health severely and can lead you to serious consequences which can turn harmful to your safety. Most of the time sleep disorders go undiagnosed and if not treated at right time, they can affect your quality of healthy life.

What are the common causes of sleeping disorders?

Hormonal changes, stress, anxiety, poor lifestyle choices or habits, any kind of prolonged illness, and certain medical conditions are some common causes of sleep disorders. Family history plays an important part as well along with exposure to unhealthy work or school shift patterns.

How to know if you are going through sleeping disorders?

Sleeping disorders can be diagnosed in many varieties of sleeping disorders by various means. Reading articles or information related to this can guide you too. Following is the list of common sleep disorder symptoms/signs as follows:

• Getting restless during sleep
• Increase body movement while sleeping
• Irregular sleeping cycle
• Difficulty in facing asleep
• Excessive sleeping on days
• Irregular breathing patterns while sleeping

If you find yourself having such signs of sleeping disorders then worry not. Many sleeping disorders are treatable and with help of proper medical guidance and remedies, you can manage sleep disorders well. 

Sleeping disorder is an umbrella term for various sleep-related medical conditions and getting to know them specifically is very important. Most people go through common sleep disorders like Insomnia, Restless Legs Syndrome, Narcolepsy, and Sleep Apnea. 

What is insomnia?

Insomnia disorder is commonly called Insomnia or sleeplessness. It is a sleeping disorder and patients who are suffering from Insomnia find it very difficult to sleep. Staying or falling asleep becomes a challenge for them. 

Due to Insomnia, a person may feel a low level of energy throughout the day, feel an excessive urge to sleep during the daytime, and feel irritated and depressed sometimes. 

Insomnia can risk your safety and can lead you to heavy consequences like motor vehicle collisions. This medical condition may also cause problems with concentration and learning. This sleeping disorder can vary from acute levels to chronic insomnia. 

Is Insomnia a common sleeping disorder?

Overall, sleep disorders are very common among people. Furthermore, Insomnia affects up to 70 million people living in the US every year. It is also considered to be among the most common sleeping disorders. 33 to 50% of the adult American population suffer from Insomnia whereas, 10 to 15% of them go through chronic levels of Insomnia.

What are the signs and symptoms of Insomnia?

If you are unable to sleep at the right time and you show some signs of the insomnia disorders which are mentioned above, you’re most likely to go through Insomnia. Moreover, here are some clear signs and symptoms of Insomnia to confirm if you have this sleeping disorder as follows:

• Difficulty in falling or staying asleep
• Difficulty in finding a comfortable position while sleeping for a long time
• Staying awake during nights 
• Unable to return to sleep once your sleep gets interrupted
• Waking up early
• Unable to focus on daily work 
• Difficulty in concentrating and remembering somethings
• Feeling sleepy during daytime
• Getting easily irritated
• Feeling depressed 
• Getting anxious
• Having low levels of energy
• Experiencing tiredness during the day
• Acting aggressively
• Having impulsive behavior

What causes Insomnia?

Insomnia can be caused due to direct reasons or can occur as a side effect or result of another problem or medical condition or drug intake. Here is a list of main causes of Insomnia due to side effects/results of another problem or medical condition, drug intake, and body changes as follows:

• Sleep apnea or sleep apnoea is a sleep disorder in which breathing patterns get disrupted during sleep
• Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea is a syndrome characterized by irregular airflow in episodic repetition due to the collapse of upper airways during sleep
• Use of psychoactive drugs such as stimulants 
• Withdrawal symptoms of sedatives, opioids, and intoxicants
• Anti-anxiety and sleep drug withdrawal symptoms
• Heart problems
• Restless Legs Syndrome causes patients to move their legs uncontrollably usually due to sensations that make them feel uncomfortable
• Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) in which the body moves involuntarily during sleep
• Pain due to any kind of injury
• Hormonal changes
• Gastrointestinal problems
• Irregular heart issues
• Neurological disorders
• Hyperthyroidism
• Rare genetic conditions like fatal familial insomnia
• Screen time just before sleep
• Lower back pain
• Asthma is a condition where there’s inflammation and narrowing of the small airways in the lungs causing shortness of breath, wheezing, and coughing
• Changes in sex hormones

What are the main causes of self-induced insomnia?

Self-induced insomnia is caused due to own self which is consciously done and some self-induced main causes of Insomnia are as follows:

• Concerns related to private life which lead to stress
• Trauma 
• Emotional or mental tension
• Mental illnesses
• Poor sleep routine
• Substance abuse
• Overconsumption of caffeinated substances like food or drink
• Physical exercise leading to exercise-induced insomnia
• Increased sleep at day time 

Types of Insomnia

Insomnia can be also categorized into transient, acute, and chronic insomnia. Furthermore, There are three types of Insomnias:

Transient insomnia

This lasts for less than a week and it can happen due to:

• Sudden change in a sleep environment
• The side effect of another disorder
• Sudden change in sleep time
• Change in timezone
• Severe depression episode
• Stress

Acute/mild insomnia

This last for less than a month and it occurs due to:

• Hard to maintain sleep
• Difficulty in initiating sleep 
• Poor quality sleep
• Poor quality sleep habit

Chronic insomnia

This lasts for more than a month and is caused due to:

• Another disorder
• Can be a primary disorder
• Presistent stress, trauma
• Poor sleeping habits
• Demanding work schedules
• Medications
• Other mental illnesses
• A sudden shift in cytokines level in the body

What is the difference between hypersomnia and Insomnia?

Insomnia is the inability to stay or fall asleep whereas, hypersomnia is the inability to stay awake. Additionally, Hypersomnia is characterized by excessive sleepiness during the day and Insomnia is a condition of staying up at night. You can have both insomnia and hypersomnia in rare instances due to psychiatric disorders such as severe depression.

How to treat Insomnia?

To some extent, we can also treat transient and acute levels of insomnia with the help of home and natural remedies along with medications. Additionally, Chronic insomnia should be treated with the help of doctors’ guidance and mostly they use medication to treat them. However, mentioned below are some methods and medications which are used to treat and prevent insomnia.

Home remedies to cure Insomnia 

Here is a simple list of home remedies that you can apply in your life to treat Insomnia as follows:

• Practice mindfulness for insomnia like meditation
• Practice relaxation techniques like positive affirmations
• Do Yoga
• Get into workout
• Go for massage
• Avoid consuming nicotine, caffeine, or alcohol before sleep
• Have light meals for dinner approximately 2 hours before sleep
• Take a hot shower at night before sleep
• Avoid using tech screens before sleep
• Also, sleep in dark and cooler room temperature rooms
• Rest well if you feel tired

Natural ways to cure Insomnia

Furthermore, here are some ayurvedic/natural remedies to treat Insomnia disorder as follows:

• Intake of Magnesium rich food or supplements
• Use lavender oil
• Take Melatonin 
• Consume Valerian roots before sleep
• Drink herbal tea which contains Chamomile
• Take 300mg of Ashwagandha twice a day
• Use Kava about 120mg daily for 6 weeks
• Apply lemon balm
• Drinks which include Passionflower

Medical treatments for Insomnia

Consult your doctor and take proper prescription of medicines with proper dosage before consuming any medicine to treat Insomnia. Your doctor also might give you medicines which are mostly classified under ‘sedative hypnotics’ which may contain drugs like:

• Doxepin (Silenor)
• Estazolam
• Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
• Ramelteon (Rozerem)
• Temazepam (Restoril)
• Triazolam (Halcion)
• Zaleplon (Sonata)
• Zolpidem (Ambien, Edluar, Intermezzo, Zolpimist)
• Zolpidem extended release (Ambien CR)
• Suvorexant (Belsomra)
• Amitriptyline
• Mirtazapine (Remeron)
• Trazodone

Conclusion

Insomnia is a common sleeping disorder and patients who go through Insomnia find it very difficult to sleep. So, staying or falling asleep becomes a challenge for them. Insomnia can be caused due to direct reasons or can occur as a side effect or result of another problem or medical condition or drug intake. Insomnia can be also categorized into transient, acute, and chronic insomnia disorder. If you find yourself having such signs of Insomnia then worry not. Also, Insomnia can be treated with home/natural remedies or with medicines. Furthermore, with help of proper medical guidance and remedies, you can manage sleep disorders well.

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